In preparation for possible war, Roosevelt advised communities to reestablish or organize their own local civil defense councils, which had waned substantially in the years since World War I due, in large part, to the economic crisis of the Great Depression (1929 –41). Roosevelt also decided to step up home front defense. In the spring of 1941, witnessing the expanding war, President Roosevelt prepared to issue an "unlimited" national emergency declaration, giving the president extensive wartime powers to mobilize the nation and take actions, economic and military, against foreign nations, while still not being officially entered into the war. In Asia, Japanese military expansion threatened the U.S. By the summer of 1940, Germany had captured France and soon began a prolonged bombing campaign on Great Britain. Meanwhile the war continued to expand in Europe and in Asia. Roosevelt (1882 –1945 served 1933 –45) simply warned the civilian population to keep an eye out for possible espionage and sabotage activities on the home front. government agreed to provide support to the Allied forces who were battling Germany's aggressive troops. When World War II broke out in Europe in September 1939, the United States did not immediately join the fighting. Unlike most other nations involved in World War II, the United States was spared the destructive forces of war on its home soil. The ones that did occur happened primarily on the West Coast. Few actual enemy attacks occurred on the U.S. Fortunately, the bomb shelters and emergency plans were never called into service. They joined civil defense organizations in their local communities, volunteering to help construct bomb shelters and distribute survival tips. Not joined the nation's armed forces were eager to support the war effort in any way they could. civil defense system included bomb shelters, air raid warning systems, patrols along the nation's borders, and distribution of information on emergency survival. Civil defense refers to a system of defensive measures designed to protect civilians and their property from enemy attack. World War II (1939 –45) spurred much more extensive home front defense efforts most of the defense strategies that were developed were built on the concept of civil defense. Congress created the Council of National Defense (CND), and the CND encouraged states to create state defense councils, which in turn encouraged creation of local defense councils. government began to plan for home front defense. No organizations existed to protect civilian populations during wars, but in 1916, just before the United States entered World War I (1914 –18), the U.S. Increasingly, government leaders and the general public worried that enemy nations might bomb civilian populations. As airplanes first began to appear in warfare in the early years of the twentieth century, war's destruction suddenly extended beyond the battlefields to towns and cities.
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